Understanding The Creative Media Sector

Ownership and Structure in the Creative Media - Assignment 1


The Creative Media Sectors are huge now unlike before and now it's still developing and growing. Some of the sectors like Radio are slowly dying out and now the Radio Stations like Capital FM have to be creative and creating new idea's that they can use to keep the Radio Sector alive and persuade people to keep listening these Radio stations now they use Interactive Media which the sector is increasing because the sector is so popular and Radio uses it to get the audience that are listening to the station more involved so they keep listening.

Here are all the list of the Sectors that are in the Creative Media and how many people do they employ and examples:

Publishing

In the publishing industry they're a estimate of 195,000 people employers each year in the UK alone.

Over 52,200 people are employed in the newspaper sector, with 50,500 working in journals and magazines, 33,000 in the book industry and nearly 12,000 in other information service activities.. Employers look for people who can demonstrate a well-informed passion and enthusiasm for the sector, and who show initiative and creativity in the way they approach their work.

In publishing they're different groups of industries including: Books, Directories and Mailing Lists, Journals, Magazines and Business Media, Newspapers, News Agencies and other Information Services.
People in publishing need the skills to develop high quality content and make sure it can be used in many different formats in print, online, and with mobile technology.

The negatives of working in publishing, most of the time you work extremely long hours and you get a low salary in comparison to other Creative Media Sectors if you wanna increase your chances working in the this particular media sector you will need to have some kind of experience with handling and working with big amounts of data. Some examples of Publishing companies are:

• Case mate Publishers - Who Published books like The Gestapo and was Written by Rupert Butler and Arms of Little Value who was written by G.L.Lamborn

• Ladybird Books - Ladybird Book Publish book that are mostly for kids books like Cinderella and Little Read Riding Hood

• Third World Press - The Third World Press Published books like The Dairy of Malcolm X and Burning the Reich-stag

TV

TV is one of the largest Media Sectors it employs around about 56,000 people from Runners to Administrators and Directors and Cameraman. The TV industries main focus is to broadcast High Quality and Entertaining Programs for viewers to watch at home. In the UK we have TV services like Sky which has a useful service for people and it lets you record the programs on the TV so you dont miss your favorite shows. TV has some Basic Channels like

• BBC 
• ITV
• Channel 4 
• Channel 5

All of these are known as Terrestrial Channels, These channels are also called Public Service Broadcasters. 

BBC 

The BBC is possibly the largest and most common channel in the UK. The BBC has 9 channels which are

•  BBC 1
• BBC 2
• BBC 3
• BBC 4
• CBBC
• Cbeebies 
• BBC HD
• BBC News
• BBC Parliament 

Also the BBC has online website for users and also they have released a BBC iplayer for people online and that allows you to either watch TV Live or lets you want shows on demand.. All of these channels are services are paid through tax payers when you pay the TV Licence. Paying the TV Licence is £145.50 for colour and Black and White it is £49 but some people can have reduce prices these people are:

• People who are aged 75 and over
• Care Home Residents 
• People who are registered as Blind
• Also if you only watch shows on demand and dont watch live TV then you dont need to pay for your TV Licence  

Through your TV Licence you pay contribution to the BBC and help fund your favorite and top shows like Top Gear, Coronation Street , You have no say where your money goes the only person who has a say to where all the money goes in Mark Thompson - Head of the BBC. 

Interactive Media 

In the Interactive Media Industry they are about 22,000 employers and the sector is getting bigger which means in a few years they will be lots of more jobs for that sector because it's increasing in popularity because of Social Media.

 Social media sites have become mainstream publishing and communication tools that have globally

changed Interactive Media Sector and also changed Social Media. 

Youtube is easy way to make money People who have Channels on YouTube generate their income by how many views they have on each video, They can also put Adverts on the videos to generate income aswell. If you want people to watch your videos to generate income for you, many creators want the work they put into their channels to pay off. All the content you put out is your work, so you not only want it to be appealing to your audience so they keep watching, but also to potential advertisers and sponsors. Most advertisers look for great channels with brand-safe content. Continuously creating videos that are advertiser-friendly may help put you in a good position to build business relationships with advertisers

Facebook is almost the same Facebook’s single most important revenue channel is advertising. The company has always been ad supported and most likely will always be ad supported.  Facebook generates over half a billion in revenue each year, the vast majority of which comes from advertising. The largest chunk of Facebook’s advertising revenue is the company’s self-serve advertising platform. These advertisements are all  displayed on the right side of Facebooks page in most pages of the site. That includes pages like user profiles, events, groups, Facebook Pages, and third-party applications. Over the past few years Facebook has increased their targeting capabilities, including the ability to limit advertising to metropolitan areas as well as the following target variables: gender, age, network (workplace, school, etc), profile keywords, relationship status, and more.

Photo Imaging 

The total Photo Imaging workforce comprises around 44,000 people

The Photo Imaging industry is made up of 8,700 companies, two thirds (68%) of which are sole trading or freelance photographers.

The remaining companies can be broadly divided into the following categories:

• Image producers (including laboratories and mini labs)
• Photo retail
• Picture libraries and agencies
• Manufacturers
• Support services (e.g. equipment hire and repair)

 The photo imaging industry has a highly skilled and well qualified workforce, compared to the entire 

UK population of working age.

The photo imaging industry has a relatively low proportion of people from minority ethnic groups, compared to both the local populations where the workforce is based and to the wider UK economy

Across the industry as a whole.

These are cited as the greatest training needs at all levels, to keep up to date generally with new technology and to support career development.

The photo imaging sector places high value on private training provision, such as that currently delivered through professional and trade associations and industry vendors, as well as specialist private providers. This provision is perceived as being more relevant and accessible, although it is rarely linked to any formal qualification structure.

Specific groups have highlighted the need to accredit their ongoing Continuing Professional Development training and are keen to base this around nationally recognised qualifications.

Film  

The UK's film industry is part of a constantly evolving creative media sector. In film they are 27,800 people in the film industry.

The film industry go for highly skilled people who are motivated and who arrive on time.
The six big companies around the world are

• 20th Century Fox - Runner, Runner
• Paramount - Pain & Gain
• Warner Bros - The Hangover
• Columbia Pictures - Zero Dark Thirty 
• Universal Studios - The Mummy Returns
• Walt Disney Studios - Toy Story

Gross ticket sales

This is the total amount of money that people paid for tickets for a film.

It's not the same as how much money the film makes, because you have to take off the cost of producing the movie in the first place, advertising and distributing the film around the world.

Merchandising

Making money out of films isn't just about selling cinema tickets. There's loads of other ways of cashing in.

• T-shirts
• Toys
• Renting out DVDs and videos
• Selling DVDs and videos
• Getting money for TV screenings

Many of the companies that make films are also involved in TV and they can use a successful cinema release as a way to promote their channel - it's hard to say how much that's worth to a business.


Radio
The industry has been finding new ways to increase the views and to increase the Sector by using Social Media now because Social Media is going up in popularity and loads of people have and go on Social Media alot and you can follow your favourite Radio Stations and you can check up on any latest infomation and suggest songs for them to play so the Audience and the Viewer feel more involve so people will keep watching. The Audience can submit and ask songs to using Facebook and Twitter also you can ask them question live on air and now employs over 22,000 people and also in the UK there are quite alot of Radio Stations around the UK and here are some examples

• Capital FM 

• BBC Radio 

• Smooth FM

Income 

In the United Kingdom and the Crown dependencies, a television licence is required to receive any publicly broadcast television service, from any source. This includes the commercial channels, and cable and satellite transmissions. The money from the licence fee is used to provide radio, television and Internet content for the British Broadcasting Corporation. Also advertisements over radio can increase the income aswell to make money to keep to radio station going..

Animation 

The animation industry in the UK consists of a workforce that stretches across many of the sectors in the creative media industries. You will find animated content on television, in feature films, commercials, websites and computer or video games. Just over 17,000 people work in animation in the UK and here is one  of popular companies who make animation 

Flickerpix is part of the Waddell Media Group, one of Ireland’s largest and most successful independent production companies and work in their new purpose built studios,Flickerpix is a complete animation studio. We offer a one-stop shop from concept origination, development, scripting, character design, storyboarding, in either CGI, stop-motion, or classic 2D animation. Our systems include Softimage XSI, the full Adobe Creative Suite, and lots of A4 sketchpads.

Animation is a small sector but Animation is becoming more popular because of the amount of Kids shows broadcasted in the UK provides opportunities for Animators and now you can do Animation on the Computer by using Software's like Adobe Flash. They're 4 different types and ways to do Animation now and these are;

• 2D Drawing Animation 
• 2D Computer Animation 
• 3D Animation 
• Stop Motion

Most of the money spent on animation is associated with the advertising industry and competition for commissions is fierce. But the UK also leads the world in the production of pre-school storytelling and design, and this area continues to attract investors. Other products include:

• feature films
• children’s programmes
• games
• music promos
• titles and idents
• CD-Roms (for educational purposes)
• adult comedy and drama

Advertising & Marketing

The Advertising industry has about 22,000 Employers generates about £6.2 billion annually for the UK economy.
The skills needs of the 13,000 companies and almost 250,000 individuals who work in the UK advertising industry.

There are different advertisements for different things for example Facebook doesn't use 30 second adverts to generate they income. Facebook uses side banner adverts and for TV they mostly use 30 seconds video advertisement to make their product stand out so people buy the product that they are trying to sell.

Advertising Agencies - advertising agency is  applied to a company whose main role is to conceive and create large-scale marketing concepts for its clients. Traditionally, advertising agencies come up with a good idea for a marketing campaign and then create a series of advertisements which address that idea across different media. The common tools that Advertising Agencies used is 30 seconds long adverts that advertise their clients product Increasingly these companies are being pushed by their clients to provide excellent digital marketing as well as the more established mass market media. 

Holding companies - Holding companies they are sitting at the top of the Industry even though tey dont have many Holding Companies they each control a huge amount of different agency branches spread all across the globe. Holding Companies dont get involved with day to day marketing but works with its Ssubsidiary Businesses to encourage intra-group synergy and to develop strategy.

Games 

In the Gaming Industry they employ 10,000 people and The Game industry is a small sector but it one of the popular ones. What started as a very small market has grown exponentially over the years. We started with Pong, and today we have almost life-like looking games. The consoles have also evolved from low-power machines to super-consoles that have becomes media hubs. One can do almost anything on a next generation console today. With just an Xbox we can play games, rent movies, listen to music and even tweet.

1. Rockstar Games - Grand Theft Auto 5
2. Bethesda Games - The Evil Within
3. Bungie - Destiny

Income they make

In the gaming Industry Game development studio's and Publishers make money buy selling the games in stores and Online like on sites like Amazon. Also they can also create income buy selling DLC for that game you really like and somethings you can DLC codes with special bundles which some games like Grand Theft Auto 5 came with Some extra Editions which came with extra stuff for the dedicated Grand Theft Auto Fans. Also another way to get people buying the game in shops in Advertising they spend money on Advertising to try and make profit on their game. like for example it took Rockstar Games £170 Million to make Grand Theft Auto 5 and just in 3 days the made £1 Billion.

Private Ownership - Private ownership is funded simply by advertising. Therefore Private ownership's is more able satisfying the company shareholders rather than the public’s interest. You find with private that certain channels are only aimed at one type of audience for example MTV is only aimed at an audience between the ages of 16 - 24 therefor the advertisements on these channels would be different from the adverts on a Discovery Channel which the target audience would be older than the target audience that watch MTV.

Private Ownership Advantage - The big advantage of Private ownership is that as its run purely on advertising funds there are many companies desperate to advertise their products on TV as its now own of the most influential sources of Media today. This means that the more popular the shows and the channels the more money it will cost to advertise during these times and that means the more money the Channel will get to fund more shows

Private Ownership Disadvantage - The disadvantage to private ownership is that as BBC is public owner before creating a new show they spend a lot of money on research to find out exactly what would be popular before even funding a show.

Public Ownership - The Public ownership is the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) which is funded by The TV Licence. because the BBC is government run they have to listen to what the Public wants. For example the Public are able to complain and give feedback and BBC will take in the feedback and make changes. Also if a certain show does not receive many viewers the show will be cancelled and will not air anymore. Because BBC is paid for buy the public there isn't any advertisements there for no breaks in between the programme you are viewing.

Public Ownership Advantages - The advantage is that as the BBC only broadcast what the general public want so its shows are designed around them therefore you will get a variety of different shows to suit different people therefore you will get a huge mass amount of audiences tuning in to watch different shows that are targeted at them specifically so the views will go up. 

Public Ownership Disadvantage - The disadvantage is that more people are willing to subscribe to companies such as 'Virgin Media' and 'Sky' and would prefer to pay them money rather than pay for a TV license that only funds one Channel as the BBC. This may mean that the TV License has a good chance of being scrapped.

Media Conglomerates 

 Sky - Sky is one of the big Conglomerates in the UK because it is owned by 21st Century Fox and it has over 10 Million subscribers in the UK making it the biggest Broadcasting company in the UK. Sky owns Television right to English Premier League with Sky Sports. Sky shows popular US Shows on Sky1 such as The Simpsons and 24 and also offers Internet service to people.Sky has $10 million in Revenue and make $1.9 Billion in profit

Viacom- Viacom is one of the biggest Conglomerates in the world because it literally owns the music television game and also takes control over MTV & VH1 with nearly $15 billion in revenue and makes $2 billion in profit. also Vicacom has stakes in the movie industry with Paramount Pictures. Vicacom also counts Nickelodeon and Spike TV and Comedy Central as their assets.

Merges and Takeovers

The Major difference between Merges and Takeovers is with a Merge you get 2 or companies coming together as one whole big company and Takeovers when a big company buys either a smaller company or another big company.

A reason Merges may happen because their maybe a Company with lots of money and another different company that has brilliant resources and they both agree to come and merge together as one whole company For example

• Google has bought Youtube for $1.65 Billion

• Amazon has Bought Twitch TV for $970 Million

• Ford sold its luxury UK-based car brands Jaguar and Land Rover to Indian company Tata for £1.15bn in 2008 .

• Disney has Merged together with Pixar in 2006

Cross Media Ownership

Cross Media Ownership is Owning several different media businesses by one person or another company, These Media businesses can include Book, Video Games, Newspaper and Radio for example The Walt Disney Company owns lots of Media Businesses include ESPN, The Disney Channel, Pixar Animation Studios and they also own Marvel and some Disney theme parks.